Method of making reversible fulcrums for brake beams



March 17. 1925.

P. KREHBIEL METHOD OF MAKING REVERSIBLE FULCRUHS FOR BRAKE BEAMS Filed June 28, 1922 4 Sheets$het 1 l3 I"v 17206222507 Famed, www- E iw March 17, 1925.

P. O. KREHBIEL METHOD OF MAKING REVERSIBLE FULCRUMS FORBRAKE BEAMS File'd June 28, l922 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Irv/373507: 2 0 Wok March 17, 1925. 1,529,657

P. o. KREHBIEL METHOD OF MAKING REVERSIBLE! FULCRUMS FOR BRAKE BEAMS Filed June 28, 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Ira/6219307" 2. 0. fi ekc'e. 78M.

4 Sheets-Sheet 4 P. O. KREHBIEL METHOD or mmme anvzasmmz runcauus FOR BRAKE amms Filed June 28, 1922 March 17, 1925.

Im/eni'arv fajzfibzea M 76 M figure.

foot member.

Fig. 14 is a sectional view taken through the blank as it is removed from the die shown in Figure 13 L Fig. 15 shows the step of headlng over the pivot stud of the strut member in connection with the foot member just prior to the finishing bending of the foot member.

Fig. 16 is a View of the foot end of the fulcrum having the foot member in closedform and pivoted to the strut member;

Fig. 17' shows the steps of forming the showing the form of the tension bar slot- Fig. 22is a view of the finished productafter passing through the process forming the part of this invention.

Fig. 23 is a side view of a blank, partly formed, for making a modified'formv of Fig. 24 is a similar view showing a further forming of the blank with bent ends.

Fig. 25 is a similar view showing a;

further forming of the blank to a generally square formation.

Fig. 26 is'a similar view; showing the punching operation ofin the foot member.

Fig. '27 is a side view of the foot member, provided with clip bolt holes in the side limbs of this member. 7

Fig. 28 is. an end view of the same.

Fig. 29 is a view of a gripper jaw press showing three steps of operating upon av modified formof head, thefirst'step of upsetting the end of a rod. stock being'shown in the upper part of the figure, the second step of shaping the head, providing a short slot in the end of the hea'd,being shown in the lower partof the figure.

the middle part of the figure, and the co1nbined steps of finishing the length of the slot and cutting off the rod being shown in Fig. 30 is one end view of-the finished modified head member. I 1 Figs. 31 and 32'are side views of the same.

' Referring now' more particularly to the drawings and havingspecial reference first to Figs. -1 to '9 inclusive, illustrating the steps of making the strut member ofthe fulcrum, the firststeps of the process involve the use of apiece of fiat rod or bar stock of forgeable metal, such as steel, of indefinite length and'placing the same in a heating furnace. where the bar stock is the swivel bearing 7 tion upon the clamping block 5.

. heat.

heated to a bright red heat or color. The bar is then placed between the dies of a forging press where it is sheared and formed into the shape shown in Figs. land 2 of the drawings so that the blank 1 has bent end portions 2 and 3 and a narrow tongue portion 4 extending longitudinally from one bent end portion 4. The purpose of the end portions 2 and 3 is to provide cross bars which integrally unite the longitudinal portions of the blanks l, which then constitute side arms of a frame-likev strut mem-.

ber; and in order to afford an ample mass of metal at the ends of the struts so developed, the bent portions 2 and 3 together constitute a dimension substantially greater than the distance between the side arms, for which reason the bending of said ends relativelyto the blanks 1 is substarr tially less than a right angle, and'leaves said ends in positions to relatively converge and adjacent to each other. The blanks 1 are held in spaced parallel relation by means of a clamping block Shaving a head portion 6 provided with rearwardly extending flanges 7 and 8 and a shank portion 9 of square cross section. The blanks 1 are placed against the'opposite faces 10 and 11 JO" 2 of the shank 9 in betweensaid' shank!) and the flanges 7 and 8; Remote from the head i 6 the shank 9 has a key slotj12 in which is driven a wedge-shaped key 13 adapted to bear against the outer edges'14 of the blanks 1 in order to firmly clamp the same in posi- This assembly is then inserted into a furnace and the tongues 4 together with the bent portions 2 are heated to' a welding The assembly is' then inserted in a die press 15 conventionally shown 'in 'Fig.- 5 and the end and tongue portions 2 and 4 are subjected in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the strut to the action of a heading tool 16 having a cylindrical cavity 17 and a fiat end portion- 18, to upset the inclined portions 2 and tongues 4 whereby the portions 2 will lie perpendicular to the side arms 19 of the strut member, and-to form the tongues '4 into a cylindrical stud 20 and at the same time welding the parts 4 and 4 and parts '2 and 2 together to form the stud 20 and the cross bar 21 integrally and as integral parts of the strut member. The diepress has a spacing block or anvil 22 which fits into the slot formed between the arms 19 of the strutmember, to hold the arms 19, 19 spaced and to also cooperate with'the with the head 52 without reheating. This partly completed head is then turned 90. to

I in Figs. 17, '19., and 21.

eliminate flash and then placed into another pair of cavities in the gripper jaws of the press and a second heading tool having a beaded head 56 is forced against the head '52 to providea cross slot 57 therein as shown This cross slot has a crest '58 formed to fit into the bend of the tension rod of the brake beam. At the same time that the slot 57 is being formed, a shearing cutter 59. operates to shear ofi" the rod 49 at a suitable distance from therear end of the head 52 to provide a swivel stud 60, as shown in Figs; 17 18, 19 and 20.

For thepurpose of joining the strut and head members together the strut member is again placed in a forging press so that the apertured end of the strut is positioned upon an anvil andthe head member located with the stud thereof extending into the swivel aperture 31 formed in the end of the strut member. The end of the swivel stud 60 is then headed over in the same manner as when the foot member was attached to the other end of the strut member. The heading of'the stud is to the extent only to permit the-free swiveling action between the head and the strut members, as in the case of the foot and strut members.

Fig. 22 shows the fulcrum in completeform ready to be applied to the remainder of the brake beam structure.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 23 to 28 of the drawings, a foot piece of modified form, shown, is constructed by'first heating a flat bar stock of steel to a bright 7 red heat in a suitable furnace. The bar is thenplaced into a combination shearing and forming die where 1t is cut to the desired length and formed toproduce the blank 61 shown in Fig. 28 of the drawings. This is i a flat blank withl a central bent up portion 7 62. .lVithout reheating the blank it is trans ferred into the next compartment of the same die and formedwith bent end portions 63, as shown in Fig. 24- of thedrawm s. shbwn in Fig. 2 1-, is then transferred toa die press having dies 64 and 65, where the blank is: further changed in form to that shown in Fig. 25 of the drawings. This die 65 flattens the portion 62, as shown in Fig. 25 of the drawings. The blank is then placed into a die 66 having a depression 67 to. receive the lower portion of the blank 61. A punching die then operates to punch out a hole 68 in the bottom portion 69 of the blank.

The hole forms the swivelbearing for this foot member in the same way as the bearing 42 forms a swivel bearing in the foot member shown in Figs. 13 and 14c of the drawings. The side legs 70 of the foot piece are then provided with gauged or alined aperlVithout reheatingjit the blank, as

These apertures may beformed by to the strut member. This type of foot piece is used with a brake beam pressure bar of channel or I-seotion. The clip bolt passing through the openings 71 will holdlegs 70 in permanent connection with the pressure bar of the brake beam.

In Figures 29 to'82 inclusive is shown a modified formof head piece, which is connected to the strut member in'lieu of and in the same manner as the head piece shown in Figs. 17 to 21- was attached to the strut member. This head piece is formed from a round steel bar stock 72 which is first heated in a furnace to a welding heat. This heated bar 72 is then placed in the gripper jaw cavities of a. forging press 78 and then upset by a heading tool 74: to form a head portion 75' of generally cylindrical formation of larger diameter than the bar-'72 and also provided with longitudinallyextending arch shape lugs 7 6, the jaws of the die press being suitably formed with recesses tolfo rm these lugs. The bar is then turned at about 90? in order to eliminate the flash and is then placed into a second set of gripper jaws in. the .die press 73 and subjected to the force of a second heading tool 77. This tool has at its end a head 78 which forms a cross slot 79in the end of the head portion 80 and also'causes. the rearendSl of the head portion to be outwardly flared, as shown in Fig. 29-of the drawings. This second forming is carried on without reheating the bar. lVithout again reheating the bar it is placed intoia third set of gripper jaws of'the die 73 and is then subjected to a third heading tool 82 having a long tang 83 operating to elongate the slot 84 in the head 85. At the same time a shearing blade 86 operates to out the remaining portion of the rod from the head and to leave a length ion of rod 87 to provide for a swivel stud. The,

herein disclosed and illustrated upon'the drawings specific methodsof carrying out my invention and producing preferred and modlfied embodiments of the .members of the fulcrums it is to-be understood however i that the specific description as herein made and the specific illustration upon the draw,

ings are not to be regarded as limiting my invention but that the invention may also include other modes of forming the strut member as do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. I

Havingnow des ribed nay inventioin ll claimz 1' 1. Inthe art o'fforging'struts witlispaced side" arms connected together at theirends,

the improvement which consists iii iprovid ing a pair ofside arm's having end portions inwardly deflected on transverselinesinto positions which presentssaid ends in subend portions inwardly deflected on transverse lines causing them to assume the rela tion ofabutting members of a toggle and with reduced projections beyond their toggle-like abutment, then applying pressure to the outer faces of said end portions through means of a die having a swivel stud cavity,

and thereby continuing the inward deflection of said; end portions and causing them to weld endwise into a cross-bar while ad.-

mitting metal into the cavity of the die to form a swivel stud integral with said crossbar. p Y

3. In the art of forging struts with spaced side arms, connecting end bars and swivel studs, the improvement whichv consists in arovidin a air of side arms havin sha ed l i o a. a 2:

end portions inwardly deflected on trans-e verse'lines causing them to assume the relation of abutting members of a toggle and with reduced projections beyond their toggle-like abutment, then applying pressure to the outer faces of said end portionsv through means of a die having a swivel stud cavity, and thereby continuing the inward deflection of said end portions and causing them to weld endwise into a cross-bar while admitting metal into the cavity of the diev to form a swivel stud integral with said cross-bar; the swivel stud cavity in said die being proportioned to receive not only said projections but also surplus metal from the deflected end portions and thereby form' a swivel stud with enlarged dimensions.

4:. In the art of forming a strut with a foot swiveled thereto, the improvement which consists in bending a piece of metal stock upon itself to provide a swivel base and a pair of stepping members extending therefrom, the endsof the stepping members being left spaced apart, then assembling the swivel base of the foot member with the strut member through means of a swivel stud and perforation, and then introducing a pressure tool between the spaced 5i In the art of fbrminrggiai.strut witl foot swiveled thereto, 1 the "i'm'piioaiem enztf Which consists" in 1 bending at piece of: metal stock upon itself to? provide: a; swivel-z base: and at pair I of: steppingt memberssextending; tli'e refrom',=-i the: ends of tliestepping; meme. bers-being left spacecl a'part, then-assembling the swivel base of the foot member with the strut member through means'of a swivel stud and perforation," then introducing a pressure tool between the spaced ends of the foot member to head the swivelstud,

and finally pressing together the spaced ends .of the stepping'membersi i 6. In the artofproducing reversible ful cru'ms with forged foot members s wiveled' e 7 thereto, the improvements which consists in providing a foot member blank, punching said blank to provide clip bolt openings,

pressing said blank to provide a swivel base between said openings and to defiectnthe ends of the blank as stepping members 'extending from said swivel; base, then introducing a tool between 'saidsteppingmem bers and punching a; swivel stud opening in a said base,"then assembling the. foot member with the fulcrumvmember by placing the last-named opening over, a swivelstud, then introducing a headin'g tool between the stepping ends to form ahead upon the'swivel stud, and'finally bringingthe stepping ends together and' aligning, the clip bolt open I ings- I 1: v

7 In tl'ie art of producing fulcrums :with

mentwhich consists in. forging a piece of metal stock to bend it upon itself and form 7' i a swivel base with spaced-stepping mem-' bers projectingfromsaid swivel basejthen" introducing a punch between said stepping offa swivel stud, an'df then introducing a footmembers swiveled thereto, the improvestepping members and heading 'said swivel stud.

is. Inthe art of mt-1g; swivel foot rai a brake-beam fulcrum, the improvement 11-3 which consists in shaping a piece of metal stock to provide a. blank with stepping ends and with kneesibe'tween saidstepping-ends and the body of the" blankftheii' centering 'the blank so formed over ashaping die'by fitting the die betweenthe knees and then and knees.

pressing the blank between said ,die and a coacting d1e and providing a' swivel seat symmetrically relatedto said'stepping ends a brake-beam fulcrum, the improvement which consists in punching and shaping apiece of metal stock to provide a blank with related to said stepping ends and knees and stepping ends, with knees between said stepbringing said bolt holes into alinement. ping ends andtthe body of the blank, and In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe with bolt holes symmetrically related to the my name to this specification in the presence respective knees, then centering the blank of two Witnesses.

i so formed over a shaping die by fitting the PETER .O. KREHBIEL.

die between the knees and then pressing the Witnesses: blank between said die and a coasting (he I O. E. ADAMsoN, and prov1d1ng a, swivel seat symmetrically P. L. MAHER. 

